Nhanganyaya
Mumaindasitiri mazhinji, mapombi ecentrifugal anowanzoshandiswa kutakura viscous fluid.Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, tinowanzosangana nematambudziko anotevera: yakawanda sei iyo yakakura viscosity iyo centrifugal pombi inogona kubata;Ndeipi iyo diki viscosity inoda kugadziriswa pakuita kwepombi ye centrifugal.Izvi zvinosanganisira saizi yepombi (kupomba kuyerera), iyo chaiyo kumhanya (iyo yakaderera iyo chaiyo kumhanya, iyo yakakura iyo disk friction kurasikirwa), application (system pressure zvinodiwa), hupfumi, kuchengetedza, nezvimwe.
Ichi chinyorwa chichasuma zvakadzama pesvedzero ye viscosity pakuita kwe centrifugal pombi, kutsunga kwe viscosity kururamisa coefficient, uye nyaya dzinoda kutariswa mukuita kweinjiniya application pamwe chete neakakodzera mwero uye yeinjiniya kudzidzira ruzivo, kungoreva chete.
1. Maximum viscosity iyo centrifugal pombi inogona kubata
Mune mamwe mareferensi ekunze, iyo yakanyanya viscosity muganho inogona kubata centrifugal pombi inoiswa se3000 ~ 3300cSt (centisea, yakaenzana nemm²/ s).Panyaya iyi, CE Petersen aive nepepa rekutanga rehunyanzvi (rakabudiswa pamusangano wePacific Energy Association munaGunyana 1982) uye akaisa nharo yekuti iyo viscosity yakanyanya iyo centrifugal pombi inogona kuverengerwa nehukuru hwepombi yekubuda. muromo, sezvinoratidzwa muFormula (1):
Vmax=300(D-1)
Iko, Vm ndiyo yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kinematic viscosity SSU (Saybolt universal viscosity) yepombi;D ndiyo dhayamita yepombi inobuda nozzle (inch).
Mukuita engineering kuita, iyi fomula inogona kushandiswa semutemo wechigunwe chekutarisa.Guan Xingfan's Modern Pump Theory and Design inobata kuti: kazhinji, vane pombi yakakodzera kufambiswa ine viscosity isingasviki 150cSt, asi pamapombi ecentrifugal ane NPSHR akaderera zvikuru pane NSHA, inogona kushandiswa kuona viscosity ye500~600cSt;Kana viscosity yakakura kupfuura 650cSt, kushanda kwepombi yecentrifugal inoderera zvakanyanya uye haina kukodzera kushandiswa.Zvisinei, nokuti pombi ye centrifugal inoenderera mberi uye inoputika kana ichienzaniswa nepombi yevolumetric, uye haifaniri kuvharavhavha uye mutemo wekuyerera uri nyore, zvinowanzoitawo kushandisa centrifugal pombi mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari apo viscosity inosvika 1000cSt.Iyo economic application viscosity ye centrifugal pombi inowanzoganhurwa kusvika ku500ct, izvo zvinonyanya kuenderana nehukuru uye kushandiswa kwepombi.
2. Kufuridzirwa kwe viscosity pakushanda kwepombi ye centrifugal
Kurasika kwekumanikidzwa, kukwesha kwemhepo uye kurasikirwa kwemukati mukati me impeller uye inotungamira vane/volute kuyerera ndima ye centrifugal pombi inotsamira pane viscosity yemvura inopomba.Nokudaro, pakupomba mvura ine viscosity yakakwirira, kushanda kunotarirwa nemvura kunorasikirwa nekushanda kwayo Iyo viscosity yepakati ine simba guru pakushanda kwe centrifugal pombi.Kuenzaniswa nemvura, kukwirisa viscosity yemvura, kuyerera kukuru uye kurasikirwa kwemusoro kwepombi yakapihwa nekumhanya kwakapihwa.Nokudaro, iyo yakakwana yekushanda kwepombi ichaenda kune yakaderera kuyerera, kuyerera uye musoro kuchaderera, kushandiswa kwesimba kuchawedzera, uye kubudirira kuchaderera.Ruzhinji rwezvinyorwa zvemukati nekunze uye zviyero pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekuita zveinjiniya hunoratidza kuti viscosity haina mhedzisiro mumusoro pane pombi yekuvhara-kuvharwa.
3. Kutsunga kweviscosity kugadzirisa coefficient
Kana iyo viscosity inopfuura 20cSt, mhedzisiro yeviscosity pakuita kwepombi iri pachena.Naizvozvo, mune zvinoshanda zveinjiniya zvikumbiro, kana viscosity yasvika 20cSt, kushanda kwepombi yecentrifugal inoda kugadziriswa.Nekudaro, kana iyo viscosity iri muhuwandu hwe5 ~ 20 cSt, kuita kwayo uye simba rekufananidza mota zvinofanirwa kutariswa.
Paunenge uchipomba viscous svikiro, zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa hunhu curve pakupomba mvura.
Parizvino, mafomula, machati uye matanho ekururamisa anotorwa nemaitiro epamba uye ekunze (akadai seGB/Z 32458 [2], ISO/TR 17766 [3], nezvimwewo) zvezvinwiwa zve viscous zvinobva pachiyero cheAmerican Hydraulic. Institute.Kana kushanda kwepombi yekufambisa kwepakati kuchizivikanwa semvura, American Hydraulic Institute standard ANSI/HI9.6.7-2015 [4] inopa nhanho dzekugadzirisa dzakadzama uye mafomula ekuverenga akakodzera.
4. Injiniya yekushandisa ruzivo
Kubva pakugadzirwa kwemapombi ecentrifugal, vakatangira indasitiri yepombi vakapfupikisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekugadzirisa mashandiro emapombi ecentrifugal kubva mumvura kuenda kune viscous media, imwe neimwe iine zvakanakira nekuipira:
4.1 AJStepanoff Model
4.2 Paciga nzira
4.3 American Hydraulic Institute
4.4 Germany KSB nzira
5.Precautions
5.1 Midhiya inoshanda
Chati yekushandura uye fomula yekuverenga inongoshanda kune homogeneous viscous fluid, inowanzonzi Newtonian fluid (semafuta ekuzora), asi kwete kune isiri Newtonian fluid (semvura ine fiber, kirimu, pulp, marasha emvura musanganiswa mvura, nezvimwe zvakadaro .)
5.2 Kuyerera kunoshanda
Kuverenga hakushandi.
Parizvino, mafomula ekugadzirisa uye machati kumba nekune dzimwe nyika ndiyo pfupiso ye data reempirical, rinozotenderwa nemamiriro ebvunzo.Naizvozvo, mumashandisirwo einjiniya anoshanda, kutarisisa kwakanyanya kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune: mafomula ekugadzirisa akasiyana kana machati anofanirwa kushandiswa kune akasiyana siyana ekuyerera.
5.3 Mhando yepombi inoshanda
Iyo yakagadziridzwa mafomula uye machati anongoshanda kune centrifugal pombi neyakajairwa hydraulic dhizaini, yakavhurika kana yakavharwa impellers, uye inoshanda padhuze neyakakwana yekubudirira poindi (panzvimbo yekugumira kumagumo kwepombi curve).Mapombi akanyatsogadzirirwa viscous kana heterogeneous zvinwiwa haakwanise kushandisa aya mafomula nemachati.
5.4 Inoshanda cavitation kuchengetedza margin
Paunenge uchipomba mvura ine viscosity yakakwirira, NPSHA neNPSH3 inodiwa kuti ive yakakwana cavitation kuchengetedza margin, iyo yakakwirira kudarika iyo inotsanangurwa mune mamwe maitiro uye tsanangudzo (zvakadai se ANSI / HI 9.6.1-2012 [7]).
5.5 Zvimwe
1) Kupesvedzera kwe viscosity pakuita kwepombi yecentrifugal yakaoma kuverengerwa neformula chaiyo kana kutariswa nechati, uye inogona chete kushandurwa necurve inowanikwa kubva kubvunzo.Naizvozvo, mumashandisirwo einjiniya anoshanda, kana uchisarudza mudziyo wekutyaira (une simba), inofanirwa kufunga nezve kuchengetedza yakaringana yekuchengetedza muganho.
2) Zvezvinwiwa zvine viscosity yakakwirira pakupisa kwekamuri, kana pombi (yakadai seyepamusoro-tembiricha slurry pombi ye catalytic cracking unit muinatsa) inotangwa pane tembiricha yakaderera pane yakajairika tembiricha yekushanda, dhizaini yepombi. (zvakadai sesimba repombi shaft) uye kusarudzwa kwedhiraivha nekubatanidza kunofanira kufunga nezvesimba re torque rinogadzirwa nekuwedzera kwe viscosity.Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti:
① Kuti udzikise nzvimbo dzekuvuza (njodzi dzingangoitika), imwe-nhanho cantilever pombi ichashandiswa nepose pazvinogoneka;
② Iyo pombi yepombi ichave yakashongedzerwa bhachi rekudzivirira kana kupisa yekutsvagisa mudziyo kudzivirira kusimba kwepakati panguva yekuvhara kwenguva pfupi;
③ Kana nguva yekuvhara yakarebesa, svikiro riri mugoko rinobviswa nekucheneswa;
④ Kuti udzivise pombi kuti irege kunetsa kupatsanura nekuda kwekusimba kweiyo viscous svikiro pakupisa kwakajairika, zvisungo zvepombi yepombi zvinofanirwa kusunungurwa zvishoma nezvishoma tembiricha yepakati isati yadonha kusvika kune yakajairika tembiricha (teerera kuchengetedzwa kwevashandi kudzivirira kupisa. ), kuitira kuti muviri wepombi uye chivharo chepombi zvigone kuparadzaniswa zvishoma nezvishoma.
3) Pombi ine yakakwira chaiyo kumhanya ichasarudzwa kusvika pazvinobvira kutakura viscous fluid, kuitira kuti kuderedze kukanganiswa kweiyo viscous fluid pakuita kwayo uye kuvandudza kushanda kwepombi viscous.
6. Mhedziso
Iyo viscosity yepakati ine simba guru pakuita kwe centrifugal pombi.Kufuridzirwa kwe viscosity pakushanda kwepombi ye centrifugal yakaoma kuverengwa nenzira yakarurama kana kuongororwa nechati, saka nzira dzakakodzera dzinofanira kusarudzwa kugadzirisa kushanda kwepombi.
Izvo chete kana iyo viscosity chaiyo yepombi yepakati ichizivikanwa, inogona kusarudzwa nenzira kwayo kudzivirira akawanda epa-saiti matambudziko anokonzerwa nemusiyano mukuru pakati peiyo viscosity yakapihwa uye chaiyo viscosity.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-27-2022