Zvinodiwa Zvinodiwa Zvekugadzirwa Kwemakemikari Pamapombi

Izvo zvakakosha zvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwemakemikari pamapombi ndeaya anotevera.

(1) Sangana nezvinodiwa zvemakemikari process
Mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, pombi haingoite basa rekutakura zvinhu, asi zvakare inopa sisitimu nehuwandu hunodiwa hwezvinhu kuenzanisa kemikari yekuita uye kusangana nekumanikidza kunodiwa nemakemikari reaction.Pasi pemamiriro ekuti chiyero chekugadzira chinoramba chisina kuchinjwa, kuyerera uye musoro wepombi zvichange zvakagadzikana.Kamwe kugadzirwa kuchichinja nekuda kwezvimwe zvinhu, kuyerera uye kubuda kwekumanikidza kwepombi kunogonawo kuchinja zvinoenderana, uye pombi ine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro.

(2) Corrosion resistance
Iyo yepakati inofambiswa nemapombi emakemikari, kusanganisira zvigadzirwa uye zvigadzirwa zvepakati, inonyanya kukanganisa.Kana zvinhu zvepombi zvakasarudzwa zvisina kunaka, zvikamu zvichange zvakasvibiswa uye zvisingabatsiri apo pombi iri kushanda, uye pombi haigoni kuramba ichishanda.
Kune mamwe ma media media, kana pasina kwakakodzera ngura inodzivirira simbi zvinhu, zvisiri-metallic zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa, senge ceramic pombi, pombi yepurasitiki, pombi ine rabha ine rabha, nezvimwewo.
Pakusarudza zvinhu, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kwete chete kushora kwayo, asiwo ma mechanic properties, machinability uye mutengo.

(3) Kupisa kwepamusoro uye kushomeka kwekushisa
Yepamusoro tembiricha yepakati inobatwa nekemikari pombi inogona kazhinji kukamurwa kuita fluid process uye heat carrier fluid.Mvura inoyerera (process fluid) zvinoreva mvura inoshandiswa mukugadzira nekufambisa zvinhu zvemakemikari.Mvura inotakura kupisa inoreva mvura yepakati inotakura kupisa.Izvi zvinwiwa zvepakati, munharaunda yakavharwa, zvinotenderedzwa nebasa repombi, inopisa nechoto chekupisa kusimudza tembiricha yemvura yepakati, uye yobva yatenderedzwa kushongwe kuti ipe zvisina kunanga kupisa kwemakemikari reaction.
Mvura, mafuta edhiziri, mafuta asina kuchena, simbi yakanyungudutswa, mercury, nezvimwe zvinogona kushandiswa semvura inotakura kupisa.Tembiricha yepamusoro-tembiricha yepakati inobatwa nemakemikari pombi inogona kusvika 900 ℃.
Kune zvakare akawanda marudzi e cryogenic media anopombwa nemapombi emakemikari, senge liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid natural gas, liquid hydrogen, methane, ethylene, etc. Tembiricha yeiyi midhiya yakadzikira zvakanyanya, semuenzaniso, tembiricha yepombi yemvura okisijeni inenge - 183 ℃.
Sepombi yemakemikari inoshandiswa kutakura kutonhora kwepamusoro uye kuderera-kupisa midhiya, zvinhu zvayo zvinofanira kuva nesimba rakakwana uye kugadzikana pakupisa kwekamuri, tembiricha yesaiti uye tembiricha yekupedzisira yekutumira.Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti zvikamu zvese zvepombi zvikwanise kumira nekuvhunduka kwemafuta uye zvinokonzeresa zvakasiyana-siyana kuwedzera kwemafuta uye kutonhora brittleness njodzi.
Kana paine tembiricha yepamusoro, pombi inodiwa kuve yakashongedzerwa nechepakati bhuraketi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mitsara yeaxis yeprime mover uye pombi inogara yakatarisana.
Yepakati shaft uye shield yekupisa ichaiswa pane yakakwirira-tembiricha uye yakaderera-tembiricha pombi.
Kuti uderedze kurasikirwa kwekupisa, kana kudzivirira zvimiro zvemukati zvemukati zvakatakurwa kubva pakuchinja mushure mehuwandu hwekupisa kwekurasikirwa (senge viscosity ichawedzera kana mafuta anorema akatakurwa pasina kuchengetedza kupisa), insulating layer inofanira kuve. gara kunze kwebhokisi repombi.
Iyo yemvura yepakati inounzwa neiyo cryogenic pombi kazhinji iri munzvimbo yakazara.Kana yangotora kupisa kwekunze, inoputika nekukurumidza, zvichiita kuti pombi isakwanise kushanda zvakajairika.Izvi zvinoda yakadzika tembiricha yekudzivirira matanho pane cryogenic pombi goko.Yakawedzerwa perlite inowanzo shandiswa seyakadzika tembiricha yekudzivirira zvinhu.

(4) Pfeka kuramba
Kusakara kwemapombi emakemikari kunokonzerwa nemarara akamiswa mukuyerera kwemvura inomhanya.Iyo abrasion uye kukuvadzwa kwemakemikari pombi kunowanzo wedzera ngura yepakati.Nekuti kushora kwesimbi kwesimbi zhinji uye alloys kunoenderana nepassivation firimu riri pamusoro, kana iyo passivation firimu yapera, simbi ichange iri mu activated state, uye ngura inokurumidza kuipa.
Pane nzira mbiri dzekuvandudza kupfeka kusagadzikana kwemapombi emakemikari: imwe ndeye kushandisa zvakanyanya kuoma, kazhinji brittle simbi zvinhu, senge silicon cast iron;Imwe yacho ndeyekuvhara chikamu chemukati chepombi uye impeller ine soft rubber lining.Semuyenzaniso, kune makemikari pombi ane abrasiveness yakakwirira, akadai alum ore slurry inoshandiswa kutakura potassium fetiraiza mbishi zvinhu, manganese simbi uye ceramic lining zvinogona kushandiswa sepombi zvinhu.
Panyaya yechimiro, yakavhurika impeller inogona kushandiswa kutakura abrasive fluid.Iyo yakatsetseka pombi goko uye impeller inoyerera ndima zvakare yakanaka kune kupfeka kuramba kwemakemikari pombi.

(5) Kwete kana kudonha kudiki
Zvizhinji zvezvinobudisa mvura zvinotakurwa nemapombi emakemikari zvinobvira moto, zvinoputika uye zvine chepfu;Mamwe ma media ane radioactive elements.Kana masvikiro aya akadonhedza mumhepo kubva papombi, anogona kukonzera moto kana kukanganisa hutano hwezvakatipoteredza uye kukuvadza muviri wemunhu.Mimwe midhiya inodhura, uye kuburitswa kunokonzeresa kurasika kukuru.Nokudaro, mapombi emakemikari anodiwa kuti ave asina kana kuderera zvishoma, izvo zvinoda kushanda pane shaft chisimbiso chepombi.Sarudza yakanaka yekuisa chisimbiso uye inonzwisisika mechini chisimbiso chimiro kudzikisa kuvuza kweshaft chisimbiso;Kana yakadzivirirwa pombi uye magineti drive seal pombi zvasarudzwa, shaft chisimbiso hachizobvisire kumhepo.

(6) Kushanda kwakavimbika
Kushanda kwemakemikari pombi kwakavimbika, kusanganisira zvinhu zviviri: kushanda kwenguva refu pasina kukanganisa uye kushanda kwakagadzikana kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana.Kushanda kwakavimbika kwakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemakemikari.Kana iyo pombi inowanzotadza, haingokonzeredzi kuvharika, kukanganisa mabhenefiti ehupfumi, asiwo dzimwe nguva inokonzeresa tsaona dzekuchengetedza mumakemikari system.Semuyenzaniso, pombi yepombi yemafuta mbishi inoshandiswa sezvo chinotakura kupisa chinomira kamwe kamwe pachiri kushanda, uye choto chekudziya hachina nguva yekudzima, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti chubhu yevira ripise, kana kuputika, zvichikonzera moto.
Kuchinja kwepombi kumhanya kweindasitiri yemakemikari kuchakonzera kushanduka kwekuyerera uye pombi yekubuda kumanikidza, kuitira kuti kugadzirwa kwemakemikari kusagone kushanda zvakajairika, maitiro muhurongwa anokanganisa, uye zvinhu zvacho hazvigone kuenzana, zvichikonzera tsvina;Kutoita kuti chigadzirwa chemhando chidzikire kana kuparara.
Kune fekitori inoda kuvandudzwa kamwe chete pagore, kutenderera kutenderera kwepombi hakufanire kunge kuri pasi pe8000h.Kuti zvizadzise zvinodikanwa zvekuvandudza makore matatu ega ega, API 610 uye GB/T 3215 inotara kuti kuenderera mberi kwekushanda kwema centrifugal pombi yepetroleum, makemikari anorema uye gasi rechisikigo maindasitiri anofanira kunge ari makore matatu.

(7) Kukwanisa kuendesa mvura mune yakaoma mamiriro
Zvinwiwa zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara zvinowanzoita mhute kana tembiricha yakwira kana kudzikira.Mapombi emakemikari dzimwe nguva anotakura mvura munzvimbo yakaoma.Kana iyo mvura yanyura mupombi, zviri nyore kukonzeresa kukuvadzwa kwecavitation, izvo zvinoda kuti pombi ive neyakakwira anti cavitation performance.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo vaporization yemvura inogona kukonzera kukweshera uye kubatanidzwa kweakasimba uye akadzikama zvikamu mupombi, izvo zvinoda kuremerwa kwakakura.Kuti udzivise kukuvadzwa kwe mechanical seal, packing seal, labyrinth seal, etc. nekuda kwekuoma kwekuputika nekuda kwe vaporization yemvura, pombi yakadaro yemakemikari inofanira kuva nechimiro chekupedza zvakakwana gasi rinogadzirwa mupombi.
Pamapombi anoendesa yakakosha mvura yepakati, iyo shaft seal kurongedza inogona kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvine yakanaka yekuzvinyudza kuita, sePTFE, graphite, etc. Kune shaft chisimbiso chimiro, kuwedzera pakurongedza chisimbiso, kaviri magumo mechanical seal kana labyrinth chisimbiso. kushandiswawo.Kana kaviri kuguma mechanical chisimbiso chinogamuchirwa, gomba riri pakati pezviso zviviri zvekupedzisira rinozadzwa nemvura yekunze yekuisa chisimbiso;Kana labyrinth chisimbiso chikagamuchirwa, gasi rekuvharisa neimwe dzvinyiriro rinogona kuunzwa kubva kunze.Kana iyo mvura yekuvharisa kana gasi rekuvharisa parinodonhera mupombi, haifanire kunge isingakuvadzi kune inopomba svikiro, sekuvuza mumhepo.Semuyenzaniso, methanol inogona kushandiswa semvura yekuisa chisimbiso mugomba rekaviri kumeso mechanical chisimbiso kana uchitakura mvura ammonia munzvimbo yakaoma;
Nitrogen inogona kuunzwa muchisimbiso chelabyrinth kana ichitakura mahydrocarbon emvura ari nyore kunyungudika.

(8) Upenyu hurefu
Hupenyu hwekugadzira pombi hunowanzoita makore gumi.Zvinoenderana neAPI610 uye GB/T3215, hupenyu hwekugadzira hwemapombi ecentrifugal epetroleum, makemikari anorema uye gasi remusikirwo maindasitiri achave angangoita makore makumi maviri.